Aesthetic and Functional Alterations of the Labia Majora A Comprehensive Guide to Clinical Approaches and Procedures

The labia majora has transitional histological feature-sensitive areas and complex anatomical structures, such as fascia, erectile tissue, and adipose components, connected to crural pelvic and perineal structures. Minimally invasive or surgical procedures must be correctly selected according to the complaint and anatomical characteristics. Due to the lack of standardization, guidelines and nomenclature related to the aesthetic and functional concerns of labia majora, this book intends to propose an algorithmic approach to balance the anatomy, patient expectations and the overall aesthetic appearance of the vulva. It features a structured classification that will guide female cosmetic genital surgeons to decide which treatments are most appropriate for these conditions. It also enables doctors to understand that aesthetic and functional complaints of the labia majora do not have the same origin. The chapters cover labia majora anatomy, classifications, labiaplasty techniques and their indications and contraindications, anesthetic considerations for labiaplasty, surgical instrumentation, complications, how to predict and avoid them, sexological impact, and reconstructive aspects. It features a video of surgical techniques. This volume is designed for gynecologists, plastic surgeons, urogynecologists and those interested in aesthetic and functional female genital.