Handbook of Graph Theory (Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications)

Design of Experiments or "DOE" is defined as "The planned, structured and organized observation of two or more input/independent variables (factors) and their effect on the output/dependent variable(s) under study." In other words DOE is done by carefully setting up and controlling an experiment so that a specific number of inputs are tested to precisely see how they affect the outcome. Statistics principles are used to analyze and predict the changes to the results of the experiment in question based on controlled inputs.