Adenylyl Cyclases

This is a review of research on adenylyl cyclases, a family of molecules that plays significant roles in the regulation of cell function. Topics covered include: structure and function of adenylyl cyclases; regulation of types V and VI adenylyl cyclases by PKA and PKC; Drosophila adenylyl cyclases; type-specific regulation of adenylyl cyclases by variously covalently modified G-protein subunits; molecular basis of desensitization of adenylyl cyclases; calcium-sensitive adenylyl cyclases; different regulation and cellular localization of splice variants of type VIII adenylyl cyclase; selective sensitivity of adenylyl cyclase isoforms to alcohol (type VII); image analysis by fluorescent energy transfer of inhibition of type VI adenylyl cyclase in single cells; calcineurin effects on a novel adenylyl cyclase, type IX; impact of differently-regulated PDEs on cAMP accumulation; type VIII adenylyl cyclases in the brain; and Dicytostelium adenylyl cyclase.