Child and Adolescent Psychiatry

"Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong, highly heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities. The symptoms begin early in development, however may not become apparent until social demands exceed abilities. The diagnostic assessment should include a medical assessment, evaluation by a clinician familiar with the signs/symptoms of ASD such as a developmental pediatrician, child psychiatrist, or child neurologist; neuropsychological testing to assess for co-morbid intellectual disability; a speech and language evaluation; and an occupational therapy evaluation. There is no cure for ASD, but early diagnosis and intervention are associated with better functional outcomes. The treatment approach should be multidisciplinary and may include behavioral therapy, speech therapy, occupational therapy, and educational interventions. Pharmacologic treatment may be used to manage psychiatric comorbidities and maladaptive behaviors"--